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Self-Assessment Quiz
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1

In the Measure phase of DMAIC, what are the items needed?
A)A solution to the problem.
B)Data for doing a Design of Experiments.
C)Data to help break down the problem.
D)A problem, a process, a financial benefit, a metric and a goal, and a customer metric.
E)A valid measurement system.
2

In the Measure phase, we are going to establish a defect rate, but black belts typically see the defect rate go down.
A)True
B)False
3

What is one of the first important milestones that indicates that a black belt is on track?
A)Lack of buy-in from the team members.
B)No data is available.
C)The champion does not know the project benefit.
D)The process map is complete.
E)When the team adopts a desire to constantly learn
4

How many data points do you need to have a short-term capability?
A)Two data points.
B)Over 100 data points.
C)Fewer than five data points.
D)Between 30 and 50 data points.
5

Process mapping is a:
A)A one-time event.
B)A tool used for statistical validation.
C)A tool used at the end of the DMAIC process.
D)An ongoing living document used throughout the DMAIC process.
6

A failure modes and effects analysis FMEA describes the following.
A)Potential defects
B)The risk of the problem
C)Capability of the process
D)Root cause
E)What you want to know about a type of defect
7

An FMEA is complete during the Measure phase.
A)True
B)False
8

In an FMEA, what is the RPN if POCC is 5, PDET is 4, and the PSEV is 9?
A)0
B)20
C)9
D)180
E)None of the above
9

Measurement system analysis MSA is used:
A)To assess capability
B)To validate the data used for analysis
C)As an optional tool during the DMAIC process
D)A nonstatistical assessment of the process
10

MSA is a tool that can be omitted in the DMAIC model.
A)True
B)False
11

Cp is a capability index with the units measured in:
A)Meters
B)Gallons
C)Yards
D)Productivity
E)Defect rate or yield
F)No units
12

If the Cp is 1.0, what is the sigma value?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)6
E)None of above
13

Can Cp be greater than Cpk?
A)Yes
B)No
C)Sometimes
14

What is the Cp and Cpk index number when you have a six-sigma capability?
A)Cp = 1.0 and Cpk = 0.5
B)Cp = 1.5 and Cpk = 2.0
C)Cp = 3.0 and Cpk = 6.0
D)Cp = 2.0, and Cpk = 1.5
E)None of the above
15

What is the purpose for gauge R&R?
A)Statistical analysis to evaluate measure error
B)To understand repeatability and reproducibility of your MSA
C)To help validate what is a defect and what is not d. Look for variation within operator and between operators
D)To gauge the rest and relaxation needed for a black belt
E)a through d
F)None of the above
16

If your data are nonnormal, you are stuck in the Measure phase.
A)True
B)False
17

What is the layperson’s description of a hypothesis test?
A)Helps to solve problems
B)Breaking the problem up
C)Dissecting the data
D)There is no way to make it simple
E)A tool to compare stuff
18

What are the reasons for nonnormality?
A)a. All data have that pattern
B)Due to abnormal conditions
C)Bimodal conditions exist
D)Different normal distributions are within the data set
E)a and d
F)None of the above
G)c and d
19

If you have a nonnormal data set, does transforming the data fix the nonnormal causes of the problem?
A)Yes
B)No
C)None of the above
20

What would best describe a bimodal distribution?
A)A manufacturing process
B)Material variance
C)Transactional defects
D)Mutlivari chart
E)Within-part variation
F)An X-factor that has two different Y-output distributions
21

How does comparing factors help solve the problem?
A)It breaks down the problem into the vital X’s.
B)It contrasts the trivial many versus the vital few.
C)It helps answer the hypothesis question.
D)It deals with data facts that can be proven.
E)It focuses the team on data, not opinion.
F)All of the above
22

Tool wear can cause nonnormal distributions.
A)True
B)False
23

What plot describes the many distributions in one graph in quartiles?
A)Interval plot
B)Capability plot
C)Probability plot
D)Median plot
E)Box plot
24

Is it okay to remove outliers in a data set that cause an increase in standard deviation?
A)Yes
B)No
C)Yes, only if you know the cause of stopping it
D)b and c
25

What is the best way to show multimode distributions?
A)a. Bimodal graph
B)b. Interval plot
C)Dot plot
D)One-way ANOVA
E)Box plot
F)a and b
G)b through d
26

Lowess analysis fits a robust line through the data to display a relationship between X and Y.
A)True
B)False
27

In a multivari analysis, the X levels are randomly selected levels during the study.
A)True
B)False
28

Different operators producing the same Y cannot cause nonsymmetrical distributions:
A)True
B)False
29

Two-way interaction cannot cause asymmetrical distributions.
A)True
B)False
C)Sometimes
D)None of the above
30

In simple terms, what is meant by a p-value of less than 0.05?
A)That there are no significant difference
B)The variance terms are equal
C)The mean has a shift of 1.5 sigma
D)You’re 95 percent confident that there is a statistical difference
E)All the above
31

The 95 percent confidence interval increases as the standard deviation decreases.
A)True
B)False
32

A multvari analysis is an active form of comparing within- and between-part variation over time.
A)True
B)False
33

You do not need a capable measurement system for multivari analysis.
A)True
B)False
34

Shift-to-shift variation can be measured on one shift.
A)True
B)False
35

A hypothesis test can show the interaction of the factors.
A)True
B)False
36

Sample size has no effect on the width of a distribution.
A)True
B)False
37

If an X has been identified as statistically significant, do you disregard it owing to an expert telling you to ignore it?
A)No
B)Yes
C)Ask what data does the expert have to show to ignore it
D)None of the above
E)a and c
38

If you were told to purchase new technology for over $2 million to make the business more productive, but the hypothesis of the new technology shows no statistical difference in productivity, do you purchase it?
A)No
B)Yes
39

What does hypothesis testing fundamentally change?
A)It’s a departure from the “I think” and “I feel” culture
B)Destroys the emotions of the problem
C)Turns the problem into a fact-based process
D)Data are now used to drive decisions
E)All of the above
40

If you changed an X that was proven to be statistically significant and the Y was given to you with 3 months prior to the change and 1 month after, could you show a before and after hypothesis to validate the change?
A)No
B)Yes
41

Using an Anderson-Darling normality test, normal data have a p-value of less than 0.5.
A)True
B)False
42

How many runs does a 23 full factorial experiment consist of ?
A)6
B)5
C)8
D)12
43

In an experiment, inputs are allowed to vary randomly throughout the specification range.
A)True
B)False
44

One-factor-at-a-time experiments generate more powerful data than a full factorial experiment.
A)True
B)False
45

What is an experimental factor?
A)The input variables for the experiment
B)The metrics of the process
C)A covariant
D)The largest standard deviation
46

What does orthogonal mean?
A)One or more effects that cannot unambiguously be attributed to a single factor or factor interaction
B)Involves running the experimental runs in random order
C)A property that ensures that all experimental factors are independent of each other; no correlation exists between X’s.
47

What is a “Balanced Design?”
A)A design in which each of the variables has a different number of runs at the high and low levels
B)A design in which each of the variables or factors has the same number of runs at the high and low levels
C)A design in which two of the variables has a different number of runs at the high and low levels
D)All of the above
48

Standard order is the same as run order.
A)True
B)False
49

Why use factorial plots?
A)Allow you to see the plots of the main effects
B)Allow you to see the interaction plots
C)Allow you to see the cube plots
D)Show how to set each factor to either maximize or minimize the response
E)All of the above
50

What tools can be used to determine if factors have interaction?
A)Balanced ANOVA
B)Standardized effects
C)Interaction plots
D)Fractional factorial fits
E)All of the above
51

What does it mean when no p-values are presented in the ANOVA output?
A)Means the factors are statistically significant
B)Means the factors are not different
C)Only one repetition was run at each treatment combination
D)Had no center points
E)All of the above
52

Why do we replicate our experimental runs?